Neck and Back Pain (गर्दन एवं पीठ दर्द)
Neck and back pain are among the most frequent reasons patients visit neurologists and spine specialists. Whether it’s a sudden “pinch” in the lower back or a dull ache in the neck, these symptoms can disrupt work, sleep, and daily activities. Drawing on over 11 years of clinical experience, I’ll explain common causes, how we diagnose these conditions, and the treatments that help restore comfort and mobility.
Why Do Neck & Back Pain Occur?
Your spine supports the weight of your head and torso, and its complex structure of bones, discs, ligaments, nerves, and muscles is vulnerable to wear, injury, and strain. Common triggers include:
Poor posture from prolonged computer or smartphone use
Sudden injuries, such as whiplash in car accidents
Age-related changes like disc degeneration and arthritis
Muscle strains from heavy lifting or awkward movements
Herniated (slipped) discs pressing on nerve roots
Recognizing Red Flags
Most neck and back pain resolves with simple care, but seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
Severe pain following trauma (e.g., fall or accident)
Numbness, tingling, or weakness in arms or legs
Loss of bladder or bowel control
Unexplained weight loss or fever
How We Diagnose
Clinical Evaluation: A detailed history pinpoints onset, location, and aggravating factors.
Physical Exam: Tests of range of motion, reflexes, and strength reveal nerve involvement.
Imaging Studies:
– X-rays and MRI scans to identify disc herniation, spinal stenosis, or bone changes (Mayo Clinic).Electrophysiological Tests: EMG/nerve conduction studies assess nerve function when radicular pain (sciatica) is suspected.
Treatment Strategies
Our goal is to relieve pain, restore function, and prevent recurrence through a personalized plan:
1. Self-Care & Medications
Activity Modification: Brief rest followed by gentle movement to prevent stiffness.
Heat & Cold Therapy: Alternate warm compresses and ice packs to reduce muscle spasm and inflammation.
Pain Relievers: Over-the-counter NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen) or acetaminophen as directed.
2. Physical Therapy
A cornerstone of recovery—tailored exercises strengthen core and neck muscles, improve posture, and enhance flexibility. Specialists may use manual therapy, traction, or modalities like ultrasound.
3. Interventional Procedures
For persistent or severe pain:
Epidural Steroid Injections to reduce nerve root inflammation
Facet Joint Blocks or Nerve Root Blocks guided by imaging
4. Advanced & Surgical Options
Reserved for cases with structural issues or neurological deficits:
Spinal Decompression (laminectomy) for spinal stenosis
Discectomy for herniated discs
Spinal Fusion when instability is present
Guidelines from NICE recommend a stepped approach, emphasizing conservative care before invasive treatments (NICE NG59).
Preventing Recurrence
Maintain good posture with ergonomic workstations.
Practice core-strengthening and stretching exercises regularly.
Use proper lifting techniques—bend at the knees, not the waist.
Stay active with low-impact activities (walking, swimming, yoga).
Manage stress and maintain a healthy weight to reduce spinal load.
When to Reach Out
If neck or back pain persists beyond a few weeks, worsens, or affects your daily routine, timely evaluation can prevent chronicity and complications. Let’s develop a plan that combines medical expertise with compassionate care.
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—Dr. Rohit Anand
Consultant Neurologist, Jamshedpur